note/5.linux环境/3.nginx.md

# 安装卸载

## 使用源码

- 准备环境

  ```shell
  yum -y install gcc
  yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
  yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
  ```

- 下载

  [官方下载页面](http://nginx.org/en/download.html)

  ```shell
  wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
  ```

  下载后需解压解压

- 编译与安装

  ```shell
  ./configure    --prefix=指定安装目录前缀  --with指定额外的模块
  make
  make install	DESTDIR=指定安装目录后缀
  ```
  
  将安装目录的`bin`目录下可执行文件`nginx`拷贝到`/sbin`目录下，这样可以在任意目录下执行`nginx`命令
  
- 运行与停止

  ```shell
  ningx
  nginx -s stop
  nginx -s reload
  ```

- 卸载

  删除安装目录，删除`/sbin/nginx`文件

  

## 使用docker

- 安装**docker**

- 下载镜像

  ```shell
  docker pull nginx
  ```

- 创建挂载目录

  ```
  mkdir /home/ningx
  cd /home/ningx/
  mkdir data log
  touch nginx/conf
  ```

- 创建并运行容器

  ```shell
  docker run -d --name nginx --restart=always -p 80:80 -v /home/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /home/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -v /home/nginx/data:/home nginx
  ```

  容器配置文件位置:`/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`

  容器日志目录:`/var/log/nginx`

  容器数据目录:`/home`

- 运行与重启

  ```shell
  docker start nginx
  docker stop nginx
  docker restart nginx
  ```

- 卸载

  删除容器与镜像

  ```shell
  docker rm -f nginx
  docker rm nginx
  ```

  删除数据

  ```shell
  rm -rf /home/nginx
  ```


# 配置

## http反向代理配置

* 根据路径分发到不同端口参数配置示例

    ```tex
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            location / {
                root   proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            location /fence {
                root   proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            location /RfsSniffer {
                root   proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8433;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    }
    ```

- 根据域名分发到不同端口参数配置示例

    ```tex
    http {
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
    
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  location.xumy.vip;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
        }
    
    }
    ```

## tcp转发

转发https请求,无需在nginx配置ssl证书,nginx版本号必须 >1.15.2,编译时必须配置以下模块

`--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module`

- 同一个端口监听http与https请求配置示例,$ssl_preread_protocol，可以让stream区分web ssl/tls和其他协议

    ```tex
    stream {
        upstream http{
            server 127.0.0.1:8081;
        }

        upstream https{
            server 127.0.0.1:8433;
        }

        map $ssl_preread_protocol $upstream{
            default http;
            "TLSv1.3" https;
            "TLSv1.2" https;
            "TLSv1.1" https;
            "TLSv1.0" https;
            "TLSv1" https;
            "TLSv2" https;
            "SSLv2" https;
            "SSLv3" https;
        }

        server {
            listen 0.0.0.0:28181;
            ssl_preread on;
            proxy_pass $upstream;
        }

    }
    ```

- http与stream混合使用

    ```tex
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        sendfile        on;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  location.xumy.vip;
    
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  monitor.xumy.vip;
    
            location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8082;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  whims.xumy.vip;
    
            location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:801;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  license.xumy.vip;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:88;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  robust.xumy.vip;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:89;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  dzwl.xumy.vip;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:805;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
        }
    
    }
    
    stream{
    
        log_format proxy '$remote_addr - [$time_local] $protocol $status "$upstream_addr" $remote_addr $remote_port ';
        access_log /home/work/logs/nginx/tcp-access.log proxy;
        open_log_file_cache off;
    
        map_hash_bucket_size 64;
    
        map $ssl_preread_protocol $upstream{
        default http;
        "TLSv1.3" $https;
        "TLSv1.2" $https;
        "TLSv1.1" $https;
        "TLSv1.0" $https;
        "TLSv1" $https;
        "TLSv2" $https;
        "SSLv2" $https;
        "SSLv3" $https;
        }
    
        map $ssl_preread_server_name $https{
        default dzwl;
        }
        
        upstream http {
            server 127.0.0.1:80;
        }
    
        upstream dzwl {
            server 127.0.0.1:806;
        }
    
        server{
            listen 8080;
            ssl_preread on;
            proxy_pass $upstream;
            proxy_connect_timeout 15s;
            proxy_timeout 15s;
            proxy_next_upstream_timeout 15s;
        }
    
    }